Azerbaijan is one of the oldest spots of civilization. The country is the ethnic territory and а historical motherland of the Azerbaijani people – the inherent population of these lands. To the north, along the main Caucasus mountain range, the country borders with Russia, to the east with the Caspian Sea, with Iran to the south and with Georgia and Armenia to the northwest and the west. The inhabitants of the ancient Azerbaijani lands through hard struggles for survival, gradually formed tribal alliances, which later led to the emergence of tribes and countries (Manna, Media, Atropatena, the Caucasian Albania), and the formation of nationality and independent nation.